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EROSION (dysplasia mucosa) of the cervix. It contributes to the emergence of eversion of the mucous membranes, tears of the cervix during childbirth and abortion. In chronic endocervicitis prolonged abnormal discharge lead to maceration and desquamation of the epithelium of the cervix.
Symptoms within. The defect of the epithelium (the true erosion) has a bright red color, bleeds when touched. A false erosion is characterized by the replacement (heterotopia) stratified squamous epithelium of the cylinder. There are simple (smooth surface), glandular (glands with significant development stretched cavities) erosion and papiplyarnuyu (papillary excrescences on the surface). Often combined with the erosion of the cystic expansion of cervical glands.
Diagnosis is based on examination of the cervix, colposcopy, cytology smear scrapings from the surface erosion. On examination, the true erosion reveal a bright red area, bleeding in the lung is touched. Cytological examination of cells reveals the deep layers of stratified squamous epithelium (basal, parabasal), white blood cells. When the false appearance of erosion erosion is somewhat reminiscent of the true, but its surface is paler, sometimes velvety, papillary. Cytological examination reveals columnar epithelium cells. Must be differentiated from the cancer process, leukoplakia, mucosal ectropion tservikalnoga rocked.
Treatment. If true erosion — the use of tampons with emulsions of antibiotics in fish oils, liquid paraffin. In pseudo-diathermocoagulation after biopsy or diatermoekstsiziya cervical laser therapy. For pseudo-cautery may be used vaginal swab moistened vagotilom and applied to the cervix for 1-3 minutes 2-3 times a week (a total of 5-10 times), the remnants of the drug is removed from the vaginal dry swab.
Prognosis is favorable.
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Explaining heart failure as a cause of diabetes
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Either heart failure or diabetes alone is bad enough, but oftentimes the two conditions seem to go together. Now, researchers reporting in the January Cell Metabolism appear to have found the culprit that leads from heart failure to diabetes and perhaps a novel way to break that metabolic vicious cycle.
«Our findings clarify the reasons why the incidence of heart failure is high among diabetic patients, why the prevalence of insulin resistance is increased in heart failure patients, and why treatment of insulin resistance improves the prognosis of heart failure patients,» says Tohru Minamino of Chiba University Graduate School of Medicine.
It’s a domino effect, the new evidence shows: the stress of heart failure activates the sympathetic nervous system. That stress response activates p53, which Minamino calls a cellular aging signal. That p53 signal ultimately leads to inflammation in fat tissue, systemic insulin resistance, and worsening heart function.
Of course, the protein p53 is probably best known as a tumor suppressor. «It has been reported that p53-dependent cellular aging is a protective mechanism for cancer development,» Minamino says. But, he adds, constant activation of the anticancer signal can promote inflammation, cancer, and other diseases of aging.
Minamino had earlier shown that age-associated or stress-induced accumulation of p53 in the heart promotes heart failure. Aging and extra calories induce that same aging signal in fat tissue. Now it seems that activation of cardiac p53 also leads to activation of p53 in fat tissue. Those p53-dependent cellular aging signals in both tissues interact with each other, thereby accelerating the development of age-associated diseases, he says.
This suggests that an ideal treatment would block the inflammation that goes with p53′s activation without compromising its tumor-fighting abilities. And for Minamino, that’s the Holy Grail: an antiaging therapy without the cancer risk.
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Key genetic error found in family of blood cancers
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The research team at Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis also found evidence that patients with the mutation are more likely to develop acute leukemia. While this finding needs to be confirmed in additional patients, the study raises the prospect that a genetic test could one day more accurately diagnose the disorder and predict the course of the disease.
The research is available online in Nature Genetics.
The scientists discovered the mutation in a gene known as U2AF1 when they sequenced the entire genome of a 65-year old man with myelodysplastic syndrome that had progressed to leukemia and compared it to the genome of his tumor cells. They also found the genetic error in other patients with myelodysplastic syndromes, an indication of the mutation’s significance.
“The mutation in this gene was not on anyone’s radar screen,” says senior author and hematologist/oncologist Matthew Walter, MD, assistant professor of medicine. “In many cases, the diagnosis of myelodysplastic syndromes is unclear because there isn’t a straightforward diagnostic test. By understanding at the genetic level what is contributing to this disease, we hope to eventually improve the diagnosis and treatment of this disorder.”
Myelodysplastic syndromes are a difficult-to-treat family of blood cancers that occur when blood cells in the bone marrow don’t mature properly. About 28,000 Americans are diagnosed with the disorder each year, most of them over age 60. Drugs are available to treat the disease, but none can cure it.
In about 30 percent of cases, the disorder progresses to a form of acute myeloid leukemia that usually is fatal because chemotherapy drugs are not effective in these patients. Doctors currently assess the likelihood that a patient with myelodysplastic syndrome will develop leukemia by looking at the chromosomes in the tumor cells to determine the extent to which they have broken apart and rearranged themselves, an indicator of the severity of the disease.
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Aubagio ™ is effective in treating multiple sclerosis
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October 5th company «Sanofi» and its division «Genzyme» reported the results of clinical studies TEMSO (TEriflunomide Multiple Sclerosis Oral) drug Aubagio ™ (teriflunomide) for the treatment of multiple sclerosis. Thus, according to data published in the British Journal «The New England Journal of Medicine», the use of this drug in oral form significantly reduced the relapse rate and the rate of progression of the disease, as well as its activity, as reflected in the magnetic resonance tomogram (MRI) .
Multiple sclerosis is related to autoimmune diseases and is characterized by a lesion of the myelin sheath of nerve fibers of the brain and spinal cord of T-and B-lymphocytes, which is disruptive to the transmission of nerve impulses to the further development of sensory and motor disorders. Aubagio ™ inhibits mitochondrial enzymes in T-and B-lymphocytes by blocking cell proliferation and activity and thus preventing their damaging effect on the myelin sheath.
Clinical research TEMSO lasted 2 years and included 1088 patients with relapsing forms of multiple sclerosis in 21 countries. Aubagio ™ application in the oral form of 31% reduced risk of relapse of multiple sclerosis compared with placebo. Time to first relapse was also significantly delayed. Thus, in 53.7% of patients taking 7mg of the drug, and 56.5% of patients taking 14 mg of the drug, managed to avoid the appearance of recurrence during the study period (2 years), whereas in the placebo group this figure amounted to 45.6%.
It is still ongoing research on the effectiveness teriflunomide in patients with multiple sclerosis: TOWER, TENERE, TERACLES (as an adjunct to the appointment of beta-interferon) and TOPIC.
In August this year, the company has applied for approval to the Office of the Food and Drug Administration USA (Food and Drug Administration) and plans to apply to the European Medicines Agency (European Medicines Agency) in the I quarter 2012
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Health and beauty hand there are some simple rules that will allow them to look attractive for many years. For example, did you know that any home work, when you come in contact with water, the need to wear gloves on his hands.
To not show up calluses, various abrasions, should sprinkle talcum powder on his hands, or use the starch, then you can safely wear gloves. If the blisters on his hands already, you need to do daily soda bath, rub them and lubricate any cosmetic oil.
When you wash your hands, do not allow that they dried themselves. Be sure to wipe dry with a towel on them and smear with cream. This must always remember, because the beauty of hand depends on a number of these now «little things». If you have a chance, then wear special gloves before going to bed rest, pre-lubricated hands nourishing cream. Rubbing hand cream, it should move from the toes to their base, then the same move on the back of the palm to the wrist.
Wash hands with warm water is best, and use soap and water, have nutritional and moisturizing effect.
Ideal habit is a hand massage before going to bed with a nourishing cream. Let it be your constant.
Sildenafil Citrate tablet (Kamagra®)
What is this medicine?
SILDENAFIL CITRATE is used to treat erection problems in men. Kamagra® is produced by Ajanta Pharma (India) in a GMP certified facility approved by Indian FDA.
What should I tell my health care provider before I take this medicine?
They need to know if you have any of these conditions:
eye or vision problems, including a rare inherited eye disease called retinitis pigmentosa
heart disease, angina, high or low blood pressure, a history of heart attack, or other heart problems
kidney disease
liver disease
stroke
an unusual or allergic reaction to sildenafil, other medicines, foods, dyes, or preservatives
How should I take this medicine?
Take this medicine by mouth with a glass of water. The dose is usually taken 1 hour before sexual activity. You should not take the dose more than once per day. Do not take your medicine more often than directed.
Overdosage: If you think you have taken too much of this medicine contact a poison control center or emergency room at once.
NOTE: This medicine is only for you. Do not share this medicine with others.
What may interact with this medicine?
Do not take this medicine with any of the following:
cisapride
methscopolamine nitrate
nitrates like amyl nitrite, isosorbide dinitrate, isosorbide mononitrate, nitroglycerin
nitroprusside
other sildenafil products (Caverta, Silagra, Eriacta, etc.)
This medicine may also interact with the following:
certain drugs for high blood pressure
certain drugs for the treatment of HIV infection or AIDS
certain drugs used for fungal or yeast infections, like fluconazole, itraconazole, ketoconazole, and voriconazole
cimetidine
erythromycin
rifampin
This list may not describe all possible interactions. Give your health care providers a list of all the medicines, herbs, non-prescription drugs, or dietary supplements you use. Also tell them if you smoke, drink alcohol, or use illegal drugs. Some items may interact with your medicine.
What should I watch for while taking this medicine?
If you notice any changes in your vision while taking this drug, call your doctor or health care professional as soon as possible.
Call your health care provider right away if you have any change in vision.
Contact you doctor or health care professional right away if the erection lasts longer than 4 hours or if it becomes painful. This may be a sign of a serious problem and must be treated right away to prevent permanent damage.
If you experience symptoms of nausea, dizziness, chest pain or arm pain upon initiation of sexual activity after taking this medicine, you should refrain from further activity and call your doctor or health care professional as soon as possible.
Using this medicine does not protect you or your partner against HIV infection (the virus that causes AIDS) or other sexually transmitted diseases. (далее…)
Many people are asking what generics mean.
Nowadays, this is the one question that many people ask when it comes to taking medicines. Aside from the cheaper price how is it different from other medicines?
Let us find out below.
In everything that we buy we have two distinct groups: the generics, and the branded. Brand items are borne out of marketing and identification of a product. For example, Apple is a brand and we can say a computer is the generic product for Apple.
In medicine, a generic drug is made with the same ingredients and is available in the same dosage and strength as branded pills. Most of the time the dosage mirrors the amount recommended when one uses brand name drugs. Generics also produce the same effects to the body as brand name pills. In composition, amount, and effects to the body, generics and brand name drugs are identical.
The main, but minor, difference of brand name pills and generics is the «name» or the tag. These tags are marketing terms or lingos so that the pill can differentiate itself from the market. Brand-name pills have unique logos, color, and shape. On the other hand, generic pills look different from brand name pills because the name and the shape of the pills are a registered trademark. However, aside from the shape and the color, brand name pills and generics are identical.
Are generic drugs as reliable as brand name pills?
Generic drugs are tested under the same standards as brand-name drugs. Each generic drug is laboratory tested so that the same amount is absorbed into the body as with brand-name drugs. Generic drugs also have the same side effects as brand-name products. Generic drugs work no differently in children or elderly.
| Brand pills | Generic pills | |
| Tag, Shape & Color | Different | |
| Active Ingredient, Dosage & Effect | The Same | |
| Regulation & Reliability | FDA approved | Indian FDA approved. Tested under the same standards as brand name drugs. |
| Price | High | Low. As there is no need to spend money on research, marketing & advertising. |